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AI in medicine: An analysis of threats, risks, and solutions for the future of healthcare
1
Students’ Scientific Club, Department of Environmental Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
2
Department of Environmental Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze,
Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
Corresponding author
Helena Brawańska
Studenckie Koło Naukowe, Katedra i Zakład Medycyny i Epidemiologii Środowiskowej, Wydział Nauk Medycznych w Zabrzu ŚUM, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze
Studenckie Koło Naukowe, Katedra i Zakład Medycyny i Epidemiologii Środowiskowej, Wydział Nauk Medycznych w Zabrzu ŚUM, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze
Ann. Acad. Med. Siles. 2025;1(nr specj.):1-11
KEYWORDS
artificial intelligence in medicineAI risksAI ethicsdata securityAI legal regulationsmachine learning
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly significant role in medicine, impacting diagnostics, treatment, and the organization of healthcare systems. This paper analyzes the potential benefits and risks associated with the use of AI in medicine. It focuses on technical, ethical, and regulatory aspects, as well as the impact of AI on patient safety and the effectiveness of clinical decision-making. A comprehensive literature review was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, considering publications from 2019 to 2025. A qualitative synthesis of the 52 selected articles identified key challenges and recommendations for further research and implementation of AI in healthcare. The analysis indicates that AI significantly improves diagnostic precision and therapy efficiency, while also posing risks of algorithmic errors, model bias, and breaches of patient privacy. Effective implementation of AI requires legal regulations, clear application guidelines, and multidisciplinary collaboration among experts. Future research should focus on developing mechanisms to increase trust in AI systems and ensure their responsible use in medicine.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
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