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Incidentally detected adrenal tumors – characteristics of patients and incidence of hormonal disorders
1
Department of Internal Medicine and Oncological Chemotherapy, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
2
Students’ Scientific Club, Department of Internal Medicine and Oncological Chemotherapy, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
Corresponding author
Iga Grochoła
Oddział Chorób Wewnętrznych i Chemioterapii Onkologicznej, Samodzielny Publiczny Szpital Kliniczny im. A. Mielęckiego, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach, ul. Reymonta 8, 40-027 Katowice
Oddział Chorób Wewnętrznych i Chemioterapii Onkologicznej, Samodzielny Publiczny Szpital Kliniczny im. A. Mielęckiego, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach, ul. Reymonta 8, 40-027 Katowice
Ann. Acad. Med. Siles. 2019;73:74-80
KEYWORDS
diabetes mellituspheochromocytomahypertensionCushing’s syndromeadrenal gland neoplasmsadrenal incidentalomahyperaldosteronism
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Because of technological development and easier accessibility to diagnostic imaging, incidentally detected adrenal tumors are a frequently diagnosed endocrine disorder. The aim of the paper was to present the characteristics of patients with newly incidentally detected adrenal tumors, with emphasis on the detected hormonal disorders.
Material and methods:
A retrospective, single center study included 96 patients hospitalized due to newly detected adrenal tumor between 2007 and 2014.
Results:
Adrenal tumors were detected in 92 patients. The final diagnoses were: incidentaloma – 73 (76%), nodular adrenal hyperplasia – 12 (12.5%), pheochromocytoma – 5 (5.2%), late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia – 5 (5.2%), Conn’s syndrome – 1 (1.1%). In 94 out of the 96 patients at least one hormonal disorder was detected. The most frequent abnormalities were: incorrect plasma renin activity (67.7% of patients), evening serum cortisol concentration (60.2%, mean level: 8.9 µg%) and morning (48.9%, mean level: 15.4 µg%). A considerable group of patients suffered from comorbidities, such as hypertension (70.8%), impaired glucose tolerance (18.7%) and type 2 diabetes (16.7%). Additionally, the diameter of the tumors was negatively (p < 0.05) associated with the serum ACTH level.
Conclusions:
In most of the patients with incidentaloma, despite the lack of characteristic symptoms, it is possible to detect hormonal disorders in laboratory tests. The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes is high in this population of patients.
Because of technological development and easier accessibility to diagnostic imaging, incidentally detected adrenal tumors are a frequently diagnosed endocrine disorder. The aim of the paper was to present the characteristics of patients with newly incidentally detected adrenal tumors, with emphasis on the detected hormonal disorders.
Material and methods:
A retrospective, single center study included 96 patients hospitalized due to newly detected adrenal tumor between 2007 and 2014.
Results:
Adrenal tumors were detected in 92 patients. The final diagnoses were: incidentaloma – 73 (76%), nodular adrenal hyperplasia – 12 (12.5%), pheochromocytoma – 5 (5.2%), late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia – 5 (5.2%), Conn’s syndrome – 1 (1.1%). In 94 out of the 96 patients at least one hormonal disorder was detected. The most frequent abnormalities were: incorrect plasma renin activity (67.7% of patients), evening serum cortisol concentration (60.2%, mean level: 8.9 µg%) and morning (48.9%, mean level: 15.4 µg%). A considerable group of patients suffered from comorbidities, such as hypertension (70.8%), impaired glucose tolerance (18.7%) and type 2 diabetes (16.7%). Additionally, the diameter of the tumors was negatively (p < 0.05) associated with the serum ACTH level.
Conclusions:
In most of the patients with incidentaloma, despite the lack of characteristic symptoms, it is possible to detect hormonal disorders in laboratory tests. The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes is high in this population of patients.
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