Introduction:
Osteoporosis is a systemic disease of bone system, characterized by low bone mass and bone microarchitecture disturbances, increased bone brittleness and susceptibility to fracture. There is an essential genetic contribution into bone density, as well as its transformation. It is suggested that OPG polymorphism may affect bone density and its transformation.

Materials and methods:
The study was conducted on a group of 570 women at postmenopausal age (404) and reproductive age (166). The group at postmenopausal age included women with osteoporosis, osteopenia and healthy individuals. Women at reproductive age were healthy. Polymorphism incidence of the examined gene in a group of patients with determined bone mineral density (BMD) and in the control group was studied. The study was performed by means of RFLP-PCR method.

Results:
A correlation of G1181 polymorphism of OPG gene with a body mass and birth mass was demonstrated and an association with a decreased bone density and an increased risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis development.

Conclusions:
Homozygotic genotypes of G1181C polymorphism of OPG gene may affect women’s birth mass and an increased risk of osteoporosis development.