Visual field defects in the course of bipolar affective disorder in a teenager
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1
Department of Ophthalmology, Independent Public Health Care Center No. 1 in Rzeszów, Poland
2
Świętokrzyskie Centrum Reumatologii, Zespół Opieki Zdrowotnej w Końskich
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Oddział Chorób Wewnętrznych, Endokrynologii, Diabetologii i Gastroenterologii, Szpital Wojewódzki w Opolu
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Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Antoni Jurasz University Hospital No. 1 in Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Department of Paediatrics Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
Corresponding author
Aleksandra Ziemba
Oddział Okulistyki, Samodzielny Publiczny Zespół Opieki Zdrowotnej Nr 1 w Rzeszowie, ul. Rycerska 4, 35-241 Rzeszów
Ann. Acad. Med. Siles. 2025;79:355-360
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ABSTRACT
Visual field defects are associated with diseases of visual and central nervous systems or pituitary gland, such as retinopathies, optic nerve disorders and visual pathway pathologies or proliferative conditions. A 17-year-old girl with multiple endocrine illnesses – hyperprolactinemia, hypothyroidism, hyperinsulinemia, obesity and bipolar affective disorder – reported visual field disturbances, which were confirmed in kinetic and static visual field examination. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head did not reveal any significant pathologies. Fundus examination showed no abnormalities. The severity of visual field defects changed over time. There were periods of deterioration, when the field of vision narrowed into a tunnel vision, and periods of improvement. A thorough history taking and analysis of psychiatric documentation indicated that episodes of visual field disturbances depended on the phase of bipolar disorder. During mania, the field of vision improved, and during depression, it worsened. This case report shows that not only somatic diseases can lead to visual field defects. After excluding proliferative conditions, central nervous systems or retinal degeneration, it is necessary to expand the differential diagnosis to include a thorough medical history including psychiatric diseases in the family, as well as a psychiatric examination of the patient. The exclusion of optic neuropathy and structural brain changes in the presented patient suggest that the symptoms are caused by bipolar affective disorder.
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