Introduction:
Amblyopia in the preschool age may lead to abnormal psychomotor development. It may result from binocular visual disorders (anisometropia, vision defects, strabismus, cataract, others) and leads to a lack of stereoscopic vision or to reduced stereoacuity in adulthood. Early detection of amblyopia can provide a chance for treatment to improve vision and for appropriate development of the child.

Material and methods:
The examination was performed using the Randot stereotest and a set of wooden blocks. 412 girls and 398 boys in the age range of 3 to 7 years were examined. In the case of a lack of stereoscopic vision, the children were referred for an ophthalmological examination. Analyses were performed using the Cochran-Armitage and Jonckheere-Terpstry tests for trend in MedCalc and SPSS 17.0 software.

Results:
Stereoacuity was not found in 18 (2.2%) children. Most of the examined children had a stereoacuity level of 100 seconds of arc: 76% of the 3-year-old children, 46% of the 4-year-old children and 60% of the 5-year-old children. Among the older children the highest percentage reached the stereoacuity level of 70 seconds of arc. The level of stereopsis increases with age statistically significantly. Binocular amblyopia caused by refractive errors was found in children in whom stereopsis was not found.

Conclusions:
The Randot stereotest turned out to be an effective tool in detecting binocular vision disorders in preschool children. The authors suggest implementing the Randot stereotest to complement the screening program to detect amblyopia in preschool children.