Zrozumienie trakcji szklistkowo-plamkowej: podstawowe pojęcia i znaczenie kliniczne
Więcej
Ukryj
1
Students’ Scientific Club, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
2
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
Autor do korespondencji
Sabina Kowalczyk
Studenckie Koło Naukowe, Klinika Okulistyki, Wydział Nauk Medycznych ŚUM, ul. Ceglana 35, 40-514 Katowice
Ann. Acad. Med. Siles. 2026;80:124-132
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
Pierwsze wzmianki o trakcji szklistkowo-plamkowej (vitreomacular traction – VMT) pochodzą z 1953 roku, gdy Samuel Rodman Irvine zidentyfikował ją jako potencjalną przyczynę torbielowatego obrzęku plamki. W ostatnich latach w literaturze coraz częściej pojawiają się doniesienia o powiązaniach między VMT a innymi powszechnymi schorzeniami oczu, takimi jak retinopatia cukrzycowa i zwyrodnienie plamki związane z wiekiem (age-related macular degeneration – AMD). Celem pracy jest omówienie epidemiologii, czynników ryzyka, patofizjologii, metod diagnostycznych oraz możliwości leczenia VMT. Mechanizm rozwoju VMT w przebiegu retinopatii cukrzycowej różni się w zależności od tego, czy mamy do czynienia z proliferacyjną czy nieproliferacyjną postacią retinopatii. Wysiękowa postać AMD charakteryzuje się rozwojem neowaskularyzacji plamkowej, prowadzącej do wysięku lub krwotoku w plamce. Najnowsze badania sugerują również możliwy związek między AMD i VMT. VMT oraz inne zaburzenia interakcji szklistkowo-siatkówkowych to grupa schorzeń o zróżnicowanych patomechanizmach i powikłaniach. Wybór skutecznej metody leczenia wymaga uwzględnienia wielu czynników klinicznych. Aby było to możliwe, lekarze zajmujący się tym zagadnieniem muszą posiadać solidną wiedzę. Niniejszy artykuł stanowi przegląd kluczowych zagadnień oraz aktualnego stanu wiedzy na temat VMT.
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